Gender Roles During Modern Europe - 1485 Words

Gender roles in early modern Europe were ultimately characterized by the culture forces that shaped the period, particularly through religion, literature and art, and through the establishment and the execution of the law. Men and women’s roles and responsibilities as husbands and wives and as fathers and mothers were principally imposed by these cultural facets. While economic pressures did influence gender roles, their overall impact was less than that of their cultural counterparts. Religion, notably marked by the Protestant and Catholic Reformations, arguably prevails as the dominant cultural force in the shaping of gender roles in early modern period. Men and women’s duties as husbands and wives were framed by Christian beliefs,†¦show more content†¦Moreover, in response to the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Reformation strove to reaffirm its authoritarian position through renewing its own traditional doctrines of chastity and celibacy as well as wri ting their own marriage manuals, which were nearly identical to those of Protestants, excepting the reiteration of female inferiority. Additionally, Judaism defined gender roles similar to Catholicism, placing the woman in passive and pointedly inferior positions. Therefore, religion, notably Protestantism, Catholicism, and Judaism alike, created gender ideals, particularly for women. Literature and art, including that of Christians and of secular society, were pivotal to the construction and circulation of early modern gender roles. The invention of the printing press reinforced gender roles by actualizing them through print, specifically by focusing on married life and interactions between husbands and wives. According to Hufton, Christian literature was intended to be read aloud by the male family head and were designed to aid in achieving eternal life by outlining the standards for the perfect husband, wife, son, and daughter. For literature that specificallyShow MoreRelatedWomen s First Wave Of Feminism Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesand gender binaries. Newfound research pertaining to female History helps us to better understand modern social constructs and how they were established. Starting with the late eighteenth century, which marks the transition from pre-industrialization to the emergence of economic development in Europe, and then closely followi ng with the American Industrial Revolution. 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